Stop motion

Stop motion

Puppet animation (puppetoon)

"Puppet animation can refer to two different techniques for producing motion pictures using puppets:

• Stop motion filming, where the movements of the puppets are created frame-by-frame
• "Supermarionation", which referred to the live action filming of marionettes that had an electronic mouth action, by Gerry Anderson's AP Films and Century 21 companies"

http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Puppet+animation

Picture:

For example, the promotional clip from Ok Go for the movie “The Muppets” by James Bobin:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oiMZa8flyYY

Clay animation (Plasticine animation)

"Clay animation is one of many forms of stop motion animation. Each animated piece, either character or background, is "deformable" — made of a malleable substance, usually Plasticine clay."
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Clay+animation

Picture: 

For example, the short movie “Vincent” by Tim Burton:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KSMuSpO-OGg

Strata-cut

"Strata-cut animation, also spelled stratcut or straticut, is a form of clay animation, itself one of many forms of stop motion animation.
Strata-cut animation is most commonly a form of clay animation in which a long bread-like "loaf" of clay, internally packed tight and loaded with varying imagery, is sliced into thin sheets, with the animation camera taking a frame of the end of the loaf for each cut, eventually revealing the movement of the internal images within. Wax may be used instead of clay for the loaf, but this can be more difficult to use because it is less malleable."
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Strata-cut+animationFor example:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBlPGwJkHdk

Picture:

Sand animation

"Sand animation, also known as sand art, is a term which has two meanings. It is the name given to a style of live performance art, and also to a type of animation. In the former, an artist creates a series of images using sand, a process which is achieved by applying sand to a surface and then rendering images by drawing lines and figures in the sand with one's hands. A sand animation performer will often use the aid of an overhead projector or lightbox (similar to one used by photographers to view translucent films). In the latter, animators move around sand on a backlighted or frontlighted piece of glass to create each frame for their animated films."

http://www.nfb.ca/film/sand_castle

Picture: 

Cutout animation

"Cutout animation is a technique for producing animations using flat characters, props and backgrounds cut from materials such as paper, card, stiff fabric or even photographs. The world's earliest known animated feature films were cutout animations (made in Argentina by Quirino Cristiani); as is the world's earliest surviving animated feature."
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Cutout+animation

Picture: 

                                              
  South Park, by Trey Parker & Matt Stone

Example: “The Miracle of Flight” by Terry Gilliam:

Silhouette animation

"Silhouette animation is animation in which the characters are only visible as black silhouettes. This is usually accomplished by backlighting articulated cardboard cut-outs, though other methods exist. It is partially inspired by, but for a number of reasons technically distinct from, shadow play."

                                                                                    LOTTE REINIGER’s silhouette animation

Example: “Tales of the Night” by Michel Ocelot:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vjG45ZTFFjM

Model animation

"Model animation is a form of stop motion animation designed to merge with live action footage to create the illusion of a real-world fantasy sequence."
Example: “The Lost World” by Harry O. Hoyt : http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-919112558735308840

Go motion

"Stop motion animation can create a disorienting, and distinctive, staccato effect, because the animated object is perfectly sharp in every frame, since each frame of the animation was actually shot when the object was perfectly still. Real moving objects in similar scenes of the same movie will have motion blur, because they moved while the shutter of the camera was open. Go motion was designed to prevent this, by moving the animated model slightly during the exposure of each film frame, producing a realistic motion blur. The main difference is that while the frames in stop motion are made up by images of stills taken between the small movements of the object, the frames in go motion are images of the object taken while it is moving. This frame-by-frame, split-second motion is almost always created with the help of a computer, often through rods connected to a puppet or model which the computer manipulates to reproduce movements programmed in by puppeteers."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go_motion

Example: “Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back”, by Georges Lucas http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ATATStopAnimationLandscapeStarWars.ogv

Object animation 

"Object animation is a form of stop motion animation that involves the animated movements of any non-drawn objects such as toys, blocks, dolls, etc. which are not fully malleable, such as clay or wax, and not designed to look like a recognizable human or animal character."
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Object+animation

Exemple: “Robot Chicken”:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tDZEtDARXMw&feature=related

Animatronics

"Audio-Animatronics is the registered trademark for a form of robotics created by Walt Disney Imagineering for shows and attractions at Disney theme parks, and subsequently expanded on and used by other companies. The robots move and make noise, generally in speech or song. An Audio-Animatronic is different from android-type robots in that it works off prerecorded moves and sounds, rather than processing external stimuli and responding to them. Animatronics has become a generic name for similar robots created by firms other than
Disney."
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Animatronics

Example: “Jurassic Park” by Steven Spielberg:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jdx_zQLtme4

Graphic animation

"Graphic animation is a variation of stop motion (and possibly more conceptually associated with traditional flat cel animation and paper drawing animation, but still technically qualifying as stop motion) consisting of the animation of photographs (in whole or in parts) and other non-drawn flat visual graphic material, such as newspaper and magazine clippings."
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Graphic+animation

Example: “Condensed Cream Of Beatles” by Charles Braverman :

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qUZCvGTLYA

Brickfilm

 "Brickfilm is a film made using Lego, or other similar plastic construction toys. They are usually created with stop motion animation, though CGI, traditional animation, and live action films featuring plastic construction toys (or representations of them) are also usually considered brickfilms."
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Brickfilm

Example: “Monty Python and the Holy Grail: Camelot Song” by Spite Your Face Productions:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fIXByCAIzos

Pixilation

"Pixilation (from pixilated) is a stop motion technique where live actors are used as a frame-by-frame subject in an animated film, by repeatedly posing while one or more frame is taken and changing pose slightly before the next frame or frames. The actor becomes a kind of living stop motion puppet. This technique is often used as a way to blend live actors with animated ones in a movie, such as in The Secret Adventures of Tom Thumb by the Bolex Brothers, which used the technique to compelling and eerie effect."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pixilation

Example: “Food” by Jan Svankmajer:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kKvw0G_72v8

Paint-on-glass animation

"Paint-on-glass animation is a technique for making animated films by manipulating slow-drying oil paints on sheets of glass. Gouache mixed with glycerine is sometimes used instead. The most well-known practitioner of the technique is Russian animator Aleksandr Petrov; he has used it in seven films, all of which have won numerous awards."
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Paint-on-glass+animation

Example: “The Old Man and the Sea” by Alexander Petrov:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LuZ9Bp7RzCM

Pinscreen

"Pinscreen animation makes use of a screen filled with movable pins, which can be moved in or out by pressing an object onto the screen. The screen is lit from the side so that the pins cast shadows. The technique has been used to create animated films with a range of textural effects difficult to achieve with traditional cel animation."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinscreen